The University of
Oxford (informally Oxford University or simply Oxford) is a collegiate research
university located in Oxford, England. While having no known date of
foundation, there is evidence of teaching as far back as 1096, making it the
oldest university in the English-speaking world and the world's second-oldest
surviving university. It grew rapidly from 1167 when Henry II banned English
students from attending the University of Paris. After disputes between
students and Oxford townsfolk in 1209, some academics fled northeast to
Cambridge where they established what the University of Cambridge became. The
two ancient universities are frequently jointly referred to as Oxbridge.
The University is made up of a variety of institutions, including 38 constituent colleges and a full range of academic departments which are organized into four divisions. All the colleges are self-governing institutions as part of the university, each controlling its own membership and with its own internal structure and activities. Being a city university, it does not have a main campus; instead, all the buildings and facilities are scattered throughout the city center.
Most undergraduate teaching at Oxford is organized around weekly tutorials at the self-governing colleges and halls, supported by classes, lectures and laboratory work provided by university faculties and departments. Oxford is the home of several notable scholarships, including the Clarendon Scholarship which was launched in 2001 and the Rhodes scholarship which has brought graduate students to study at the university for more than a century. The university operates the largest university press in the world and the largest academic library system in the United Kingdom. Oxford has educated many notable alumni, including 27 Nobel laureates, 26 British Prime ministers (most recently David Cameron, the incumbent) and many foreign heads of state.
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Gaudy celebrations
May Morning celebration
References
- 20"Oxford University Colleges Financial Statements13" (PDF). Retrieved 26 April2015.
- "2013/14 Students by HE provider, level, mode and domicile" (XLSX). Higher Education Statistics Agency. Retrieved 8 November 2015.
- H. E. Salter and Mary D. Lobel (editors) (1954). "The University of Oxford" A History of the County of Oxford: Volume 3: The University of Oxford. Institute of Historical Research. Retrieved 15 January 2014.
- G. H. Martin, J. R. L Highfield. A history of Merton College, Oxford.
- Christopher Nugent Lawrence Brooke. (1988.) Oxford and Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 56.
- Gillman, Ollie; Linning, Stephanie; Stanton, Jenny. "Hats on! Oxford students vote in favour of continuing 900-year-old tradition of wearing gowns, suits and mortarboards to exams" Mail Online. Associated Newspapers Ltd. Retrieved 23 May 2015.
- Dennis, Farrington; Palfreyman, David (21 February 2011). "OFFA and £6000–9000 tuition fees" (PDF). OxCHEPS Occasional Paper No. 39. Oxford Centre for Higher Education Policy Studies. Retrieved 20 March 2011. Note, however, that any university which does not want funding from HEFCE can, as a private corporation, charge whatever tuition fees it likes (exactly as does, say, the University of Buckingham or BPP University College). Under existing legislation and outside of the influence of the HEFCE-funding mechanism upon universities, Government can no more control university tuition fees than it can dictate the price of socks in Marks & Spencer. Universities are not part of the State and they are not part of the public sector; Government has no reserve powers of intervention even in a failing institution.
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